|
== الفبا ==
{| class="wikitable"
|'''#'''
!#
!| colspan="2" |'''نام{{sfn|Delacy|2003|p=XV–XVI}}'''
|'''اِیاِلاِی-اِلسی'''
!اِیاِلاِی-اِلسی<ref name="LoC3">{{cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/romanization/urdu.pdf|title=Urdu romanization|publisher=The Library of Congress}}</ref>
|'''نویسهگردانی شکارچی'''
!نویسهگردانی شکارچی<ref name="Hunterian2">Geographical Names Romanization in Pakistan. UNGEGN, 18th Session. Geneva, 12–23 August 1996. Working Papers [http://unstats.un.org/unsd/geoinfo/UNGEGN/docs/18th-gegn-docs/18th_gegn_WP85.pdf No. 85] and [http://unstats.un.org/unsd/geoinfo/UNGEGN/docs/18th-gegn-docs/18th_gegn_WP85-ad1.pdf No. 85 Add. 1.]</ref>
!|'''[[الفبای آوانگاری بینالمللی|آوا]]'''
!|'''علامت مشتق'''
|-
|1
|{{Nastaliq|الف}}
|''alif''
| colspan="2" |''ā'', ʾ, –
|{{IPA|/ɑ:, ʔ, ∅/}}
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|[[ا]]}}}}
|-
|2
|{{Nastaliq|با}}
|''ba''
| colspan="2" |''b''
|{{IPA|/b/}}
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|[[ب]]}}}}
|-
|3
|{{Nastaliq|پا}}
|''pa''
| colspan="2" |''p''
|{{IPA|/p/}}
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|[[پ]]}}}}
|-
|4
|{{Nastaliq|تا}}
|''ta''
| colspan="2" |''t''
|{{IPA|/t/}}
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|[[ت]]}}}}
|-
|5
|{{Nastaliq|ٹا}}
|''ṭa''
|''ṭ''
|''t''
|{{IPA|/ʈ/}}
|ٹ
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq| ٹ}}}}
|-
|6
|{{Nastaliq|ثا}}
|''<u>s</u>asa''
|''s''
|{{IPA|/s/}}
|/s/
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|[[ث]]}}}}
|[[ث]]
|-
|7
|{{Nastaliq|جيم}}
|''jīm''
| colspan="2" |''j''
|{{IPA|/d͡ʒ/}}
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|[[ج]]}}}}
|-
|8
|{{Nastaliq|چيم}}
|''cīm''
|''c''
|''ch''
|{{IPA|/t͡ʃ/}}
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|[[چ]]}}}}
|-
|9
|{{Nastaliq|بڑی حا}}
|''baṛī ḥa''
|''ḥ''
|''h''
|{{IPA|/ɦ/}}
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|[[ح]]}}}}
|-
|10
|{{Nastaliq|خا}}
|''<u>kh</u>akha''
|''kh''
|{{IPA|/x/}}
|/x/
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|[[خ]]}}}}
|[[خ]]
|-
|11
|{{Nastaliq|دال}}
|''dāl''
| colspan="2" |''d''
|{{IPA|/d/}}
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|[[د]]}}}}
|-
|12
|{{Nastaliq|ڈال}}
|''ḍāl''
|''ḍ''
|''d''
|{{IPA|/ɖ/}}
|ڈ
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq| ڈ}}}}
|-
|13
|{{Nastaliq|ذال}}
|''<u>z</u>ālzāl''
|''z''
|{{IPA|/z/}}
|/z/
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|[[ذ]]}}}}
|[[ذ]]
|-
|14
|{{Nastaliq|را}}
|''ra''
| colspan="2" |''r''
|{{IPA|/r/}}
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|[[ر]]}}}}
|-
|15
|{{Nastaliq|ڑا}}
|''ṛa''
|''ṛ''
|''r''
|{{IPA|/ɽ/}}
|ڑ
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq| ڑ}}}}
|-
|16
|{{Nastaliq|زاين}}
|''zain''
| colspan="2" |''z''
|{{IPA|/z/}}
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|[[ز]]}}}}
|-
|17
|{{Nastaliq|ژاين}}
|''<u>zh</u>ainzhain''
|''zh''
|''zh''
|{{IPA|/ʒ/}}
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|[[ژ]]}}}}
|-
|18
|{{Nastaliq|سین}}
|''sīn''
| colspan="2" |''s''
|{{IPA|/s/}}
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|[[س]]}}}}
|-
|19
|{{Nastaliq|شین}}
|''shīn''
|''sh''
|''sh''
|{{IPA|/ʃ/}}
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|[[ش]]}}}}
|-
|20
|{{Nastaliq|صاد}}
|''slād''
|''sl''
|''sl''
|{{IPA|/ɬ/}}
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|[[ص]]}}}}
|-
|21
|{{Nastaliq|ضاد}}
|''dzād''
|''dz''
|''dz''
|{{IPA|/d͡z/}}
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|[[ض]]}}}}
|-
|22
|{{Nastaliq|طو}}
|''tsā''
|''ts''
|''ts''
|{{IPA|/t͡s/}}
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|[[ط]]}}}}
|-
|23
|{{Nastaliq|ظو}}
|''zlā''
|''zl''
|''zl''
|{{IPA|/ɮ/}}
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|[[ظ]]}}}}
|-
|24
|{{Nastaliq|عین}}
|''ʿain''
| colspan="2" |''ā'', ''o'', ''e'', ʿ, –
|{{IPA|/ɑ:, o:, e:, ʔ, ʕ, ∅/}}
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|[[ع]]}}}}
|-
|25
|{{Nastaliq|غین}}
|''<u>gh</u>ainghain''
|''<u>gh</u>''
|''gh''
|{{IPA|/ɣ/}}
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|[[غ]]}}}}
|-
|26
|{{Nastaliq|فا}}
|''fa''
| colspan="2" |''f''
|{{IPA|/f/}}
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|[[ف]]}}}}
|-
|27
|{{Nastaliq|قاف}}
|''qāf''
| colspan="2" |''q''
|{{IPA|/q/}}
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|[[ق]]}}}}
|-
|28
|{{Nastaliq|کاف}}
|''kāf''
| colspan="2" |''k''
|{{IPA|/k/}}
|ک
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq| ک}}}}
|-
|29
|{{Nastaliq|گاف}}
|''gāf''
| colspan="2" |''g''
|{{IPA|/ɡ/}}
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|[[گ]]}}}}
|-
|30
|{{Nastaliq|لام}}
|''lām''
| colspan="2" |''l''
|{{IPA|/l/}}
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|[[ل]]}}}}
|-
|31
|{{Nastaliq|میم}}
|''mīm''
| colspan="2" |''m''
|{{IPA|/m/}}
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|[[م]]}}}}
|-
|32a
|{{Nastaliq|نون}}
|''nūn''
| colspan="2" |''n''
|{{IPA|/n, ɲ, ɳ, ŋ/}}
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|[[ن]]}}}}
|-
|32b
|{{Nastaliq|نون غنّه}}
|''nūn <u>gh</u>unnahghunnah''
|''ṉ''
|''n''
|{{IPA|/[[Nasal vowel|◌̃]]/}}
|ں
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq| ں}}}}
|-
|34
|{{Nastaliq|واؤ}}
|''wāʾo''
|''v'', ''ū'', ''o'', ''au''
|''w'', ''ū'', ''o'', ''au''
|{{IPA|/ʋ, u:, o:, ɔ:/}}
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|[[و]]}}}}
|-
|33
|{{Nastaliq|چھوٹی ها}}{{Nastaliq| گول ها}}
|''choṭī hagol ha''
| colspan="2" |''h''
|{{IPA|/ɦ/}} or {{IPA|/∅/}}
|ہ
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq| ہ}}}}
|-
|35
|{{Nastaliq|دو چشمی ها}}
|''do-cashmī ha''
| colspan="2" |''h''
|{{IPA|/ʰ/}} or {{IPA|/ʱ/}}
|ھ
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq| ھ}}}}
|-
|36
|{{Nastaliq|ہمزة}}
|''hamzah''
| colspan="2" |ʾ, –
|{{IPA|/ʔ/}}، {{IPA| /∅/}}
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|[[ء]]}}}}
|-
|37
|{{Nastaliq|چھوٹی يا}}
|''choṭī ya''
| colspan="2" |''y'', ''ī'', ''á''
|{{IPA|/j, i:, ɑ:/}}
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|[[ی]]}}}}
|-
|38
|{{Nastaliq|بڑی يا}}
|''baṛī ya''
| colspan="2" |''ai, e''
|{{IPA|/ɛ:, e:/}}
|ے
|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq| ے}}}}
|}
[[دونگاره]]<nowiki/>های همسان نازک از این قبیلاند:
{| class="wikitable"
!|'''[[دونگاره]]<ref name="LoC3"/>'''
!|'''رونوشت'''<ref name="LoC3"/>
!|'''[[الفبای آوانگاری بینالمللی|آوا]]'''
|-
|{{Nastaliq|بھ}}
|''bh''
|{{IPA|[bʱ]}}
|-
|{{Nastaliq|پھ}}
|''ph''
|{{IPA|[pʰ]}}
|-
|{{Nastaliq|تھ}}
|''th''
|{{IPA|[tʰ]}}
|-
|{{Nastaliq|ٹھ}}
|''ṭh''
|{{IPA|[ʈʰ]}}
|-
|{{Nastaliq|جھ}}
|''jh''
|{{IPA|[d͡ʒʰ]}}
|-
|{{Nastaliq|چھ}}
|''ch''
|{{IPA|[t͡ʃʰ]}}
|-
|{{Nastaliq|دھ}}
|''dh''
|{{IPA|[dʱ]}}
|-
|{{Nastaliq|ڈھ}}
|''ḍh''
|{{IPA|[ɖʱ]}}
|-
|{{Nastaliq|رھ}}
|''rh''
|{{IPA|[rʱ]}}
|-
|{{Nastaliq|ڑھ}}
|''ṛh''
|{{IPA|[ɽʱ]}}
|-
|{{Nastaliq|کھ}}
|''kh''
|{{IPA|[kʰ]}}
|-
|{{Nastaliq|گھ}}
|''gh''
|{{IPA|[ɡʱ]}}
|-
|{{Nastaliq|لھ}}
|''lh''
|{{IPA|[lʱ]}}
|-
|{{Nastaliq|مھ}}
|''mh''
|{{IPA|[mʱ]}}
|-
|{{Nastaliq|نھ}}
|''nh''
|{{IPA|[nʱ]}}
|-
|{{Nastaliq|هھ}}
|''hh''
|{{IPA|[hʱ]}}
|-
|{{Nastaliq|وھ}}
|''wh''
|{{IPA|[ʋʱ]}}
|-
|{{Nastaliq|یھ}}
|''yh''
|{{IPA|[jʱ]}}
|}
===نکات===
| 